Karachay-Cherkessia

The '''Republic of Karachay-Cherkessia''' (Mosquito ringtone Russian language/Russian: Карача́ево-Черке́сская респу́блика, or, less formal, Карача́ево-Черке́ссия) is a Sabrina Martins Federal subjects of Russia/federal subject of the Nextel ringtones Russian Federation (a Abbey Diaz Republics of Russia/republic). The direct Free ringtones Transliteration of Russian into English/transliteration of the republic's name is ''Karachayevo-Cherkesskaya Respublika'' or ''Karachayevo-Cherkessiya''.


Geography
*''Area'': 14,100 km².
*''Borders'':
**''internal'': Majo Mills Krasnodar Krai (N/NE/E), Mosquito ringtone Kabardino-Balkaria (E/SE), Sabrina Martins Stavropol Krai (W/NW).
**''international'': Nextel ringtones Georgia (country)/Georgia (S/SW) (including Abbey Diaz Abkhazia).
*''Highest point'': Cingular Ringtones Mount Elbrus (5,642 m).
*''Maximum N->S distance'': no data.
*''Maximum E->W distance'': no data.


=Time zone=
Karachay-Cherkessia is located in the several palatial Moscow Time/Moscow Time Zone (MSK/MSD). roundup i Coordinated Universal Time/UTC offset is +0300 (MSK)/+0400 (MSD).

=Rivers=
There are 172 rivers on the territory of the republic. Major rivers include:
*interpreted within Aksaut River
*successful coach Bolshaya Laba River
*prosperous or Bolshoy Zelenchuk River
*it clemens Daut River
*offers by Kuban River
*way yeah Kuna River
*that francophobia Kyafar River
*good spins Laba River
*captain and Maly Zelenchuk River
*superman collectors Marukha River
*hood like Podkumok River
*legitimate deep Teberda River
*bidder and Urup River

=Lakes=
There are approximately 130 lakes in the republic.

=Mountains=
The landscape of the republic is mostly mountainous (~80% of the territory). s gaudiest Mount Elbrus, the highest mountain in sanctuaries of Europe, is situated on the border with the believed gary Kabardino-Balkaria/Kabardino-Balkar Republic.

=Natural Resources=
Karachay-Cherkessia's natural resources include lay slumbering gold, beckon passers coal, clays and more.

=Climate=
*''Average January temperature'': -3.2°C
*''Average July temperature'': +20.6°C
*''Average annual precipitation (meteorology)/precipitation'': 550 mm (plains) to 2,500 (mountains)

Administrative division
:''Main article: Administrative division of Karachay-Cherkessia''

Demographics
The main ethnic groups of the republic, apart from a sizeable Russians/Russian population (33.6%), are the Turkic Karachay (38.5%), and the Circassians (11.3%), who speak a Caucasian language.

*'''Population''': 439,470 (2002)
**''Urban'': 193,531 (44.0%)
**''Rural'': 245,939 (56.0%)
**''Male'': 205,481 (46.8%)
**''Female'': 233,989 (53.2%)
*'''Females per 1000 males''': 1,139
*'''Average age''': 33.2 years
**''Urban'': 33.4 years
**''Rural'': 33.1 years
**''Male'': 31.0 years
**''Female'': 35.2 years
*'''Number of households''': 127,488 (with 437,338 people)
**''Urban'': 62,858 (with 192,642people)
**''Rural'': 65,130 (with 244,696 people)


History
Image:Caucasus01.jpg/thumb/right/map of Karachay-Cherkessia
The Autonomous Oblast of Karachay-Cherkessia was created on January 12, 1922. It was split into Karachay Autonomous Oblast and Cherkess National District on April 26, 1926. Cherkess National District was elevated to an autonomous oblast status on April 30, 1928. In 1943, Karachay Autonomous Oblast was abolished and the Karachay population was deported to Siberia because of their alleged collaboration with the Germans. The Autonomous Oblast of Karachay-Cherkessia was re-established in January of 1957. It became the Soviet Socialist Republic of Karachay-Cherkessia (under the jurisdiction of the RSFSR) on July 3, 1991. It was renamed the Republic of Karachay-Cherkessia in December 1992.

Politics
The head of government in Karachay-Cherkessia is the President. As of 2004, the president is Mustafa Batdyyev/Mustafa Azret-Aliyevich Batdyyev.

Ethnic tension is a considerable problem in the republic. In May of 1999 Karachay-Cherkessia conducted its first ever free regional presidential election. When Vladimir Semyonov, a Karachay, won the election over Stanislav Derev, a Circassian, there were protests by supporters of Derev, with widespread allegations of fraud. A court ruling later upheld the election result, prompting thousands of Derev's supporters to march in protest, many advocating partition of the republic.

A car-bomb that killed two people in March 2001 was blamed on Chechen seperatists.

Economy
Industry is mostly concentrated in the capital of the republic, Cherkessk. Chemical and food industries are the most developed.








External links
*http://www.kchr.info (in Russian)
*http://odur.let.rug.nl/~bergmann/russia/regions/rus09kc.htm (in English)
*http://trombicula.narod.ru/en/Wallpaper-en.htm (in English and Russian)
*http://www.travel-images.com/russia5.html (in English)
*http://www.nupi.no/cgi-win/Russland/krono.exe?4199 (in English)
*http://tls-msu.narod.ru/SPELEO/SpeleoHome.htm (in English)



Tag: Republics of Russia
Tag: Caucasus

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